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MATRIX: A rectangular arrangement of numbers in rows and columns. The ORDER of a matrix is the number of the rows and columns. The ENTRIES are the numbers in the matrix.

This order of this matrix is a 2 x 3. columns

rows

 6 2  1  2 0 5   

8 0   10

1 0 4

3 2   3

 2 1   7

0

4

1 0 

1 3

9

6

5 9 2 7

 1  2

3 8  6 

5 7

0

  9 7   0   6

To add two matrices, they must have the same order. To add, you simply add corresponding entries.  5  3   0

 3  2 4    3 7   4

1  0   3

5  (2)  3  1      33 40   0  4 7  (3)  3   0  4

 2 4  4 

 8 0 1 3   1 7  5 4 2 9    5 3   

=

=

 



5 2  3  2



To subtract two matrices, they must have the same order. You simply subtract corresponding entries.

 9 2 4   4 0 7   9 4  5 0 6    1 5  4        5 1  1 3 8   2 3 2  1  (2) 

20

 5   4  3

2

05 33 5 0

47   6  (4) 8  2   3  10  6 

=



2 8   1

4 0 5

3 0 1    7   3  1 0   4 2

 =

8  1 7 



In matrix algebra, a real number is often called a SCALAR. To multiply a matrix by a scalar, you multiply each entry in the matrix by that scalar.

 2 4  4

0  4( 2)    1  4( 4)  8   16

4(0)   4( 1) 

0    4

 1  2   0

 2   4   3   6

 1 4  2   0  6

-2





 

5     8 

 2  5    3  (8) 

 





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